Lucas Ronconi (Centro de Investigación y Acción Social (CIAS))

“From citizens’ rights to civic responsibilities”

Abstract: In less developed countries the state does not extends its legality homogenously. A share of the population suffers its absence or its illegal presence. In this article we argue that such irregular state intervention has more negative consequences that previously thought. Individuals who suffer lack of access to citizens’ rights blame the state for their hardship, and negatively reciprocate by ignoring their civic duties. The building blocks of our hypothesis are attribution theory and reciprocity. We provide evidence based on self-report survey data for almost one hundred countries; an observational study where compliance with civic duties can be objectively assessed; and a list experiment. The evidence indicates that people who suffer discrimination, or workers who do not receive legally-mandated benefits, are less likely to vote and more likely to evade taxes. Exclusion erodes civic responsibilities.